The knowledge of spiders in the Eastern Cape province lags behind that of most other South African provinces. The Eastern Cape province is renowned for its conservation areas, as the largest part of the Albany Centre of Endemism falls within this province. This article provides a checklist for the spider fauna of the Addo Elephant National Park, one of the most prominent conservation areas of the Eastern Cape, to detail the species found in the park and determine their conservation status and level of endemicity based on their known distribution. Various collecting methods were used to sample spiders between 1974 and 2016. Forty-seven families that include 184 genera and 276 species were recorded. Thomisidae (39 spp.), Araneidae (39 spp.), Salticidae (35 spp.) and Theridiidae (25 spp.) were the most species-rich families, while 14 families were only represented by a single species.
A total of 12.7% of the South African spider fauna and 32.9% of the Eastern Cape fauna are protected in the park; 26.4% are South African endemics, and of these, 3.6% are Eastern Cape endemics. Approximately, 4% of the species are possibly new to science, and 240 species are recorded from the park for the first time.
One of the core research areas of the South African National Survey of Arachnida (SANSA) is to determine the number of arachnid species presently conserved in protected areas, including the South African National Parks (SANParks) (Dippenaar-Schoeman & Haddad
Compared to some of the better surveyed provinces of South Africa, for example, KwaZulu-Natal and Limpopo, the Eastern Cape has received far less attention, but harbours relatively more endemic taxa than the Limpopo province, particularly as a function of its size (Foord et al.
Work in the province has largely been limited to the Mountain Zebra National Park, the first national park for which a spider species list was published (Dippenaar-Schoeman
The only records of spiders from the AENP (30 spp.) were included in the First Atlas of South African Spiders (Dippenaar-Schoeman et al.
The AENP is situated in the Sundays River region, between the city of Port Elizabeth and the town of Makhanda (Grahamstown) (
Map of South Africa, showing the locality of the Addo Elephant National Park in the Eastern Cape province (inset) and the different sites where spiders were collected.
Rainfall in the park is mainly concentrated in spring and autumn, varying between 350 mm and 900 mm per annum, depending on topography and biomes (SANParks
The first spider survey in the AENP took place in 1974, when the members of the Agricultural Research Council (ARC) – Plant Protection Research Institute (PPRI) (now ARC – Plant Health and Protection) sampled there. In 2009, a second survey was undertaken by the members of the ARC-PPRI. Between these events, there was occasional collecting by various museum researchers and members of the public who deposited specimens in several museums in South Africa and internationally. In 2010, more regular sampling started in the park after a formal research agreement was established between SANSA and SANParks, to stimulate more intensive spider sampling in the national parks. As a result, more regular sampling was undertaken in five different parts of the park (
Habitat types in the Addo Elephant National Park: (a) Darlington Dam (Succulent Karoo thicket); (b) Main Camp (Albany thickets); (c) and (d) Kabouga (subtropical thicket); (e) and (f) Woody Cape (coastal forest and dune thicket); (g) and (h) Zuurberg (fynbos and Afromontane forest).
Conventional sampling techniques, as described by Dippenaar-Schoeman et al. (
A detailed explanation of the indices to assess the endemicity value and conservation status of each species can be found at the end of
This research followed all ethical standards for research without direct contact with human or animal subjects.
In total, 276 species in 184 genera and 47 families were recorded (
Spider diversity of the Addo Elephant National Park, with the total number of families, genera and species sampled.
No. | Family | Genera | Species |
---|---|---|---|
1 | Agelenidae | 3 | 3 |
2 | Amaurobiidae | 3 | 3 |
3 | Ammoxenidae | 1 | 1 |
4 | Araneidae | 25 | 39 |
5 | Caponiidae | 1 | 1 |
6 | Cheiracanthiidae | 2 | 5 |
7 | Clubionidae | 1 | 5 |
8 | Corinnidae | 2 | 2 |
9 | Ctenidae | 2 | 2 |
10 | Cyatholipidae | 2 | 2 |
11 | Cyrtaucheniidae | 1 | 1 |
12 | Deinopidae | 1 | 1 |
13 | Dictynidae | 3 | 3 |
14 | Dipluridae | 1 | 1 |
15 | Eresidae | 3 | 3 |
16 | Gnaphosidae | 5 | 7 |
17 | Hahniidae | 1 | 1 |
18 | Idiopidae | 1 | 1 |
19 | Linyphiidae | 5 | 5 |
20 | Liocranidae | 2 | 2 |
21 | Lycosidae | 8 | 9 |
22 | Migidae | 1 | 1 |
23 | Mimetidae | 2 | 2 |
24 | Nemesiidae | 2 | 2 |
25 | Oecobiidae | 1 | 1 |
26 | Oonopidae | 1 | 1 |
27 | Oxyopidae | 3 | 10 |
28 | Palpimanidae | 1 | 1 |
29 | Philodromidae | 6 | 8 |
30 | Pholcidae | 2 | 3 |
31 | Phyxelididae | 1 | 2 |
32 | Pisauridae | 6 | 8 |
33 | Salticidae | 19 | 35 |
34 | Scytodidae | 1 | 3 |
35 | Segestriidae | 1 | 1 |
36 | Selenopidae | 1 | 2 |
37 | Sicariidae | 1 | 1 |
38 | Sparassidae | 2 | 2 |
39 | Tetragnathidae | 3 | 6 |
40 | Theraphosidae | 2 | 2 |
41 | Theridiidae | 15 | 25 |
42 | Thomisidae | 21 | 39 |
43 | Trachelidae | 4 | 5 |
44 | Trochanteriidae | 1 | 1 |
45 | Uloboridae | 4 | 6 |
46 | Zodariidae | 8 | 10 |
47 | Zoropsidae | 2 | 2 |
- |
Of the 47 spider families collected from AENP (
Selected spiders of the Addo Elephant National Park: (a)
Of the 276 species sampled, 17 spp. (6.2%) are data deficient (DD) and lack taxonomic or distribution data, while 31 spp. (11.2%) were not evaluated (NE) (
Conservation status and endemicity of the spider species sampled at the Addo Elephant National Park.
Distribution | Number of species | Code | % |
---|---|---|---|
Data deficient (taxonomic reason or lack distribution data) | 17 | DD | 6.2 |
Not evaluated (immature, new or undetermined) | 31 | NE | 11.2 |
Least concern | 227 | LC | 82.2 |
Vulnerable | 1 | VU | 0.4 |
0 – Africa and wider (C) | 25 | LC | 9.1 |
1 – Africa endemics (AE) | 97 | LC | 35.1 |
2 – Southern Africa endemics (STHE) | 50 | LC | 18.1 |
3 – South Africa endemics (SAE): more than three provinces | 40 | LC | 14.5 |
4 – South Africa endemics (SAE): two adjacent provinces | 23 | LC/rare | 8.3 |
5 – Eastern Cape endemics (ECE) | 10 | DD/rare | 3.6 |
6 – Addo Elephant National Park (AENPE) | 0 | Rare | 0.0 |
DD, data deficient; LC, least concern; NE, not evaluated; VU, vulnerable.
Species of special concern recorded from the Addo Elephant National Park.
Species | CS | Taxonomic information |
---|---|---|
DD | Both sexes; restricted distribution (3 loc.); not revised | |
DD | One sex; restricted distribution (3 loc.); not revised | |
DD | One sex; restricted distribution (4 loc.); revised (Griswold |
|
DD | One sex; restricted distribution (2 loc.); not revised | |
DD | One sex; restricted distribution (2 loc.); revised (Huber |
|
DD | One sex; restricted distribution (4 loc.); revised (Benoit |
|
DD | One sex; restricted distribution (3 loc.); not revised | |
DD | One sex; restricted distribution (2 loc.); not revised | |
DD | One sex; restricted distribution (2 loc.); not revised | |
DD | One sex; restricted distribution (2 loc.); not revised | |
VU | Both sexes; restricted distribution (3 loc.); revised (Lewis & Dippenaar-Schoeman |
CS, conservation status; DD, data deficient; VU, vulnerable.
Of the species identified to species level, only 73 spp. (26.4%) are South African endemics (
Twenty-five of the AENP spiders have a wide global distribution (
A total of 240 species have been newly recorded from the AENP, bringing the total number of species known from the park to 276. All these new data have been made available for the Spider Red Listing project. The AENP spider fauna represents 12.7% of South African species and 32.9% of Eastern Cape species, of which 10 species are ECE that are of special concern and need additional collecting.
This survey forms part of the South African National Survey of Arachnida (SANSA) inventories of the South African National Parks. The Agricultural Research Council (ARC) and the South African National Biodiversity Institute (SANBI) Threatened Species Programme are thanked for generously funding SANSA Phase II. The authors would like to thank the park manager and officials of the Addo Elephant National Park for their friendliness and assistance, and all the people who sampled in the park and donated their specimens. The authors are grateful to Dr W. Wiese, husband of the second author, who assisted with the fieldwork. The authors also received financial support from the University of Pretoria. The authors also thank the staff of the Arachnology Unit of the Biosystematics Programme, ARC – Plant Health and Protection, for their assistance with processing and databasing the material collected.
The authors declare that they have no financial or personal relationships that may have inappropriately influenced them in writing this article.
All the authors are team members of SANSA and contributed towards planning this national survey. L.W. participated in fieldwork, while the rest of the authors assisted in the identification of specimens and the preparation and editing of the manuscript.
A.S.D.-S. S.H.F. and C.R.H. are grateful for the financial support from the National Research Foundation of South Africa.
All specimens sampled in this study were deposited in the National Collection of Arachnida (NCA) at the ARC – Plant Health and Protection in Pretoria, South Africa. The specimen data are available from the NCA and SANSA databases on request.
The views and opinions expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of any affiliated agency of the authors.
Spiders of the Addo Elephant National Park, listing their endemicity, conservation status, distribution and areas sampled in the park.
Species | END | CS | DIS | WC | KA | DA | MC | ZB |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2 | LC | STHE | - | - | - | - | - | |
1 | LC | AE | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | - | |
1 | LC | AE | - | - | - | - | - | |
3 | LC | SAE | 1 | - | 1 | - | - | |
4 | DD | SAE | 1 | 1 | - | - | - | |
- | NE | - | - | - | - | 1 | - | |
2 | LC | STHE | - | - | - | 1 | - | |
- | NE | - | 1 | - | - | - | - | |
1 | LC | AE | 1 | - | - | - | - | |
0 | LC | C | 1 | - | - | - | - | |
1 | LC | AE | - | 1 | - | - | 1 | |
2 | LC | STHE | 1 | - | - | 1 | - | |
- | NE | - | 1 | - | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
- | NE | - | - | 1 | 1 | - | 1 | |
1 | LC | AE | - | - | 1 | - | 1 | |
1 | LC | AE | 1 | 1 | - | 1 | 1 | |
0 | LC | C | 1 | - | - | - | - | |
0 | LC | C | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
1 | LC | AE | 1 | - | 1 | 1 | - | |
0 | LC | C | 1 | - | - | 1 | 1 | |
1 | LC | AE | 1 | - | - | - | - | |
1 | LC | AE | 1 | - | - | - | - | |
0 | LC | C | - | - | - | - | 1 | |
3 | LC | SAE | - | - | - | 1 | - | |
1 | LC | AE | - | - | - | 1 | - | |
0 | LC | C | - | - | - | - | 1 | |
- | NE | - | 1 | - | 1 | - | 1 | |
3 | LC | SAE | 1 | - | - | - | - | |
2 | LC | STHE | - | - | 1 | - | - | |
1 | LC | AE | - | - | - | - | 1 | |
1 | LC | AE | 1 | - | - | - | 1 | |
1 | LC | AE | 1 | - | - | - | - | |
1 | LC | AE | 1 | - | - | - | - | |
1 | LC | AE | 1 | - | - | - | - | |
1 | LC | AE | 1 | - | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
1 | LC | AE | 1 | - | 1 | - | - | |
1 | LC | AE | - | - | - | - | 1 | |
1 | LC | AE | 1 | - | - | - | 1 | |
1 | LC | AE | 1 | - | - | - | - | |
- | NE | - | - | - | - | 1 | - | |
1 | LC | AE | - | - | - | - | - | |
2 | LC | STHE | 1 | - | 1 | - | - | |
3 | LC | SAE | - | - | - | - | 1 | |
- | NE | - | - | - | - | 1 | - | |
Genus sp. 6 (undetermined) | - | NE | - | 1 | - | - | 1 | 1 |
Genus sp. 7 (undetermined) | - | NE | - | - | - | 1 | - | - |
4 | DD | SAE | - | 1 | - | 1 | - | |
1 | LC | AE | 1 | - | - | - | - | |
4 | LC | SAE | - | - | - | 1 | 1 | |
3 | LC | SAE | 1 | 1 | - | 1 | 1 | |
C |
2 | LC | STHE | 1 | - | - | - | - |
2 | LC | STHE | 1 | - | 1 | - | 1 | |
1 | LC | AE | 1 | 1 | 1 | - | - | |
1 | LC | AE | - | - | - | 1 | - | |
1 | LC | AE | - | 1 | - | - | 1 | |
3 | LC | SAE | 1 | - | - | - | - | |
3 | LC | SAE | - | - | - | - | 1 | |
1 | LC | AE | 1 | - | - | - | - | |
1 | LC | AE | 1 | - | - | - | - | |
2 | LC | STHE | 1 | 1 | - | - | - | |
2 | LC | STHE | 1 | - | - | - | - | |
4 | LC | SAE | 1 | - | - | - | - | |
4 | LC | SAE | - | 1 | - | - | - | |
5 | DD | ECE | - | 1 | - | - | - | |
3 | LC | SAE | 1 | - | - | - | - | |
3 | LC | SAE | 1 | - | 1 | - | 1 | |
- | NE | - | 1 | - | - | - | - | |
1 | LC | AE | - | 1 | - | - | - | |
4 | LC | SAE | - | 1 | 1 | - | - | |
- | NE | - | 1 | 1 | - | - | - | |
3 | LC | SAE | 1 | - | - | - | - | |
2 | LC | STHE | - | - | - | 1 | - | |
2 | LC | STHE | - | - | 1 | 1 | - | |
2 | LC | STHE | - | - | 1 | - | - | |
2 | LC | STHE | 1 | - | - | - | - | |
2 | LC | STHE | - | 1 | - | 1 | - | |
3 | LC | SAE | 1 | 1 | - | 1 | - | |
5 | DD | ECE | - | 1 | - | - | - | |
3 | LC | SAE | 1 | 1 | 1 | - | - | |
1 | LC | AE | - | - | - | - | 1 | |
- | NE | - | - | 1 | - | - | - | |
1 | LC | AE | - | - | 1 | - | - | |
2 | LC | STHE | 1 | - | - | - | - | |
0 | LC | C | - | - | - | 1 | - | |
4 | LC | SAE | 1 | - | - | - | - | |
3 | LC | SAE | 1 | - | - | - | - | |
4 | DD | SAE | - | - | 1 | 1 | - | |
2 | LC | STHE | 1 | - | - | - | - | |
1 | LC | AE | - | 1 | - | - | - | |
3 | LC | SAE | 1 | 1 | - | - | - | |
2 | LC | STHE | - | 1 | 1 | - | - | |
1 | LC | AE | 1 | - | - | - | - | |
- | NE | - | 1 | - | - | - | - | |
2 | LC | STHE | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
2 | LC | STHE | - | - | 1 | - | 1 | |
2 | LC | STHE | 1 | 1 | - | - | - | |
1 | LC | AE | 1 | - | 1 | 1 | - | |
5 | DD | SAE | - | 1 | - | - | - | |
2 | LC | STHE | 1 | - | - | - | - | |
- | NE | - | 1 | - | 1 | - | - | |
5 | DD | ECE | 1 | - | 1 | - | - | |
2 | LC | STHE | 1 | - | - | - | - | |
0 | LC | C | - | - | - | 1 | - | |
3 | LC | SAE | 1 | - | - | - | - | |
2 | LC | STHE | 1 | - | - | - | 1 | |
1 | LC | AE | 1 | - | 1 | - | - | |
1 | LC | AE | - | 1 | 1 | - | - | |
1 | LC | AE | 1 | - | 1 | - | - | |
3 | LC | AE | 1 | - | - | - | 1 | |
1 | LC | AE | 1 | 1 | 1 | - | 1 | |
1 | LC | AE | 1 | - | - | - | - | |
- | NE | - | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
1 | LC | AE | 1 | - | - | - | - | |
3 | LC | SAE | 1 | - | - | - | - | |
- | NE | - | - | - | 1 | - | - | |
1 | LC | AE | - | - | 1 | - | - | |
2 | LC | STHE | - | - | - | - | - | |
1 | LC | AE | - | - | - | - | 1 | |
2 | LC | STHE | 1 | - | 1 | - | 1 | |
- | NE | - | - | 1 | 1 | - | - | |
0 | LC | C | 1 | - | 1 | - | - | |
1 | LC | AE | 1 | - | 1 | - | - | |
Philodromidae (new genus) | - | NE | - | - | - | 1 | - | - |
3 | DD | SAE | - | - | - | 1 | - | |
3 | LC | SAE | - | - | - | 1 | - | |
5 | DD | ECE | - | 1 | 1 | - | - | |
3 | LC | SAE | 1 | - | - | 1 | - | |
3 | LC | SAE | - | 1 | - | - | - | |
1 | LC | AE | 1 | - | 1 | 1 | - | |
1 | LC | AE | 1 | 1 | - | - | - | |
- | NE | - | 1 | - | - | - | - | |
1 | LC | AE | 1 | - | - | - | - | |
1 | LC | AE | - | - | 1 | - | - | |
1 | LC | AE | - | 1 | - | - | - | |
2 | LC | STHE | 1 | - | - | - | - | |
1 | LC | AE | 1 | - | 1 | - | - | |
1 | LC | AE | 1 | - | 1 | - | - | |
2 | LC | STHE | 1 | - | - | - | - | |
4 | LC | SAE | 1 | - | - | - | - | |
3 | LC | SAE | 1 | 1 | - | - | - | |
1 | LC | AE | - | - | 1 | - | - | |
4 | LC | SAE | 1 | - | - | - | - | |
1 | LC | AE | - | - | 1 | 1 | - | |
1 | LC | AE | - | 1 | 1 | - | - | |
3 | LC | SAE | 1 | - | - | - | 1 | |
2 | LC | STHE | - | - | - | - | - | |
1 | LC | AE | 1 | - | 1 | 1 | - | |
1 | LC | AE | 1 | - | - | - | - | |
1 | LC | AE | 1 | - | - | - | - | |
1 | LC | AE | 1 | - | - | - | - | |
2 | LC | STHE | - | - | 1 | - | 1 | |
4 | LC | SAE | 1 | - | 1 | - | 1 | |
3 | LC | SAE | 1 | 1 | 1 | −1 | - | |
0 | LC | C | - | - | 1 | - | - | |
2 | LC | STHE | - | - | 1 | - | - | |
1 | LC | AE | 1 | - | - | - | 1 | |
2 | LC | STHE | 1 | - | - | - | 1 | |
2 | LC | STHE | - | - | - | - | 1 | |
2 | LC | STHE | 1 | 1 | - | - | - | |
1 | LC | AE | 1 | - | - | - | - | |
4 | LC | SAE | - | 1 | - | - | 1 | |
1 | LC | AE | 1 | - | - | - | 1 | |
1 | LC | AE | - | 1 | - | - | - | |
1 | LC | AE | 1 | - | 1 | - | - | |
1 | LC | AE | 1 | - | - | - | - | |
1 | LC | AE | - | - | - | - | 1 | |
1 | LC | AE | - | - | 1 | - | - | |
2 | LC | STHE | - | 1 | - | - | - | |
3 | LC | SAE | 1 | - | - | - | - | |
4 | LC | SAE | 1 | - | - | - | - | |
1 | LC | AE | 1 | - | - | - | - | |
1 | LC | AE | - | - | - | 1 | - | |
4 | LC | SAE | - | - | 1 | 1 | - | |
4 | LC | SAE | - | - | - | 1 | - | |
3 | LC | SAE | 1 | - | - | - | - | |
5 | DD | ECE | - | 1 | 1 | - | - | |
3 | LC | SAE | - | 1 | - | - | - | |
4 | LC | SAE | - | - | 1 | - | - | |
5 | DD | ECE | 1 | - | 1 | - | - | |
4 | LC | SAE | 1 | - | - | 1 | - | |
- | NE | - | 1 | - | - | - | - | |
0 | LC | C | 1 | - | - | - | 1 | |
1 | LC | AE | 1 | - | 1 | - | 1 | |
1 | LC | AE | 1 | - | - | - | 1 | |
1 | LC | AE | 1 | - | - | - | - | |
0 | LC | C | - | - | 1 | - | - | |
5 | DD | ECE | 1 | - | 1 | - | - | |
5 | DD | ECE | - | 1 | 1 | - | - | |
2 | LC | STHE | 1 | - | 1 | - | - | |
1 | LC | AE | 1 | - | - | 1 | - | |
- | NE | - | 1 | - | 1 | - | - | |
- | NE | - | 1 | - | 1 | - | - | |
3 | LC | SAE | 1 | - | - | - | - | |
2 | LC | STHE | - | - | - | - | - | |
1 | LC | AE | 1 | - | - | 1 | - | |
2 | LC | STHE | 1 | - | 1 | - | - | |
0 | LC | C | 1 | - | - | 1 | - | |
0 | LC | C | 1 | - | 1 | - | - | |
0 | LC | C | 1 | - | 1 | - | - | |
0 | LC | C | 1 | - | 1 | - | - | |
0 | LC | C | 1 | 1 | - | 1 | - | |
5 | DD | ECE | 1 | - | - | - | - | |
3 | LC | SAE | 1 | - | 1 | - | - | |
0 | LC | C | 1 | - | - | - | - | |
0 | LC | C | 1 | 1 | 1 | - | - | |
0 | LC | C | - | 1 | - | 1 | - | |
3 | LC | SAE | - | - | 1 | - | 1 | |
3 | LC | SAE | 1 | - | - | - | - | |
- | NE | - | 1 | 1 | - | 1 | - | |
- | NE | - | - | - | 1 | 1 | - | |
- | NE | - | 1 | - | 1 | 1 | - | |
Theridiidae sp. 1 (undetermined) | - | NE | - | 1 | - | 1 | - | - |
Theridiidae sp. 8 (undetermined) | - | NE | - | 1 | - | - | 1 | - |
1 | LC | AE | 1 | - | 1 | - | - | |
0 | LC | C | 1 | - | - | - | - | |
1 | LC | AE | 1 | - | 1 | - | - | |
2 | LC | STHE | - | - | - | 1 | - | |
4 | LC | SAE | 1 | - | 1 | 1 | - | |
1 | LC | AE | - | - | 1 | - | - | |
1 | LC | AE | - | - | 1 | - | 1 | |
- | NE | - | - | - | 1 | - | - | |
4 | VU | SAE | 1 | - | - | - | - | |
1 | LC | AE | 1 | - | 1 | - | - | |
1 | LC | AE | 1 | - | - | - | - | |
1 | LC | AE | 1 | - | 1 | - | - | |
3 | LC | SAE | - | - | - | - | 1 | |
1 | LC | AE | - | - | - | - | 1 | |
3 | LC | SAE | 1 | - | - | - | 1 | |
2 | LC | STHE | 1 | - | 1 | - | 1 | |
2 | LC | STHE | 1 | - | 1 | - | - | |
1 | LC | AE | 1 | - | 1 | - | - | |
0 | LC | C | 1 | - | 1 | - | 1 | |
1 | LC | AE | - | - | 1 | 1 | - | |
2 | LC | STHE | - | 1 | - | - | - | |
2 | LC | STHE | - | - | 1 | - | 1 | |
1 | LC | AE | 1 | - | 1 | - | - | |
1 | LC | AE | 1 | - | 1 | - | 1 | |
2 | LC | AE | - | - | - | - | 1 | |
2 | LC | STHE | 1 | - | - | - | - | |
1 | LC | AE | 1 | - | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
2 | LC | STHE | 1 | - | 1 | - | - | |
1 | LC | AE | 1 | - | - | - | - | |
1 | LC | AE | 1 | - | - | - | - | |
1 | LC | AE | - | - | - | - | 1 | |
1 | LC | AE | 1 | - | - | - | - | |
0 | LC | C | 1 | - | 1 | 1 | - | |
0 | LC | C | 1 | - | 1 | - | 1 | |
1 | LC | AE | 1 | - | - | . | - | |
1 | LC | AE | - | - | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
1 | LC | AE | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | - | |
1 | LC | AE | 1 | - | - | - | - | |
2 | LC | STHE | - | - | 1 | 1 | - | |
2 | LC | STHE | 1 | - | 1 | 1 | - | |
2 | LC | STHE | 1 | - | - | - | - | |
1 | LC | AE | 1 | 1 | 1 | - | - | |
3 | LC | SAE | 1 | 1 | - | 1 | - | |
- | NE | - | 1 | - | - | - | - | |
1 | LC | AE | 1 | - | - | - | - | |
3 | LC | SAE | 1 | - | - | - | - | |
2 | LC | STHE | 1 | - | - | - | - | |
3 | LC | SAE | 1 | - | - | - | - | |
1 | LC | AE | 1 | - | - | 1 | - | |
1 | LC | AE | 1 | - | 1 | - | - | |
0 | LC | C | 1 | 1 | 1 | - | - | |
4 | LC | SAE | 1 | - | - | - | - | |
3 | LC | SAE | 1 | 1 | - | - | - | |
1 | LC | AE | 1 | - | - | - | - | |
3 | DD | SAE | 1 | - | 1 | - | - | |
- | NE | - | 1 | 1 | - | - | - | |
3 | LC | SAE | 1 | - | - | - | 1 | |
4 | DD | SAE | 1 | - | - | - | - | |
2 | LC | STHE | 1 | - | - | - | - | |
- | NE | - | 1 | - | - | - | - | |
3 | LC | SAE | 1 | - | - | - | - | |
4 | LC | SAE | 1 | 1 | - | 1 | - | |
4 | DD | SAE | 1 | - | - | - | - | |
Endemicity (END): (6) only known from the type locality; (5) endemic to the Eastern Cape; (4) known from two adjoining provinces; (3) endemic to South Africa, (2) Southern Africa or (1) the Afrotropical Region; (0) also recorded outside the Afrotropical Region.
Conservation status (CS): LC, least concern; DD, data deficient; NE, not evaluated; VU, vulnerable.
Distribution (DIS): C, cosmopolitan or wider than Africa; AE, African endemic; STHE, Southern African endemic; SAE, South African endemic; ECE, Eastern Cape endemic.
Locality: WC, Woody Cape; KA, Kabouga; DA,Darlington Dam; MC, Main Camp; ZB, Zuurberg.
, indicates species previously recorded from the park.